What was the spoils system and how did it relate to the Pendleton Act?

Both are related to each other.

Explanation:

Spoils system is a type of system in which the political party winning an election rewards its active supporters by appointment to government posts and with some other favour. This spoils system ended by the Pendleton Act. The Pendleton Act is a federal law passed by the government in 1883 by establishing the United States Civil Service Commission. It ended the spoils system of political patronage and established hiring civil servants on the basis of merit.

the caste system in india is the paradigmatic ethnographic example of caste. it has origins in ancient india, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern india, especially the mughal empire and the british raj.it is today the basis of educational and job reservations in india.it consists of two different concepts, varna and jati, which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system.

the caste system as it exists today is thought to be the result of developments during the collapse of the mughal era and the british colonial regime in india. the collapse of the mughal era saw the rise of powerful men who associated themselves with kings, priests and ascetics, affirming the regal and martial form of the caste ideal, and it also reshaped many apparently casteless social groups into differentiated caste communities.the british raj furthered this development, making rigid caste organisation a central mechanism of administration

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the answer is a or the 1st option:  

the heads of the inquisition felt it was offensive, unfocused, and blasphemous.

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