(1) Premises: q -> (q &~ q) Conclusion: ~q
(2) Premises: p & (q V r), p -> ~r

Conclusion: q V e
4) Premises: ~(p -> q)

Conclusion: ~q

The third one would be the answer

The embargo act of 1807  was a law passed by the united state congress and signed by president thomas jefferson on december 22,  1807. it prohibited american ships from trading in all foreign ports. in 1806, france passed a law that prohibited trade between neutral parties, like the u.s., and britain.

They had to go back and forth to the atlantic ocean and the pacific ocean to build the panama canal thats the best i can answer