What was the effect of the old world during the columbian exchange

The Columbian exchange of crops affected both the Old World and the New. Amerindian crops that have crossed oceans—for example, maize to China and the white potato to Ireland—have been stimulants to population growth in the Old World.

- "the most famous structure by far at saqqara is djoser's step pyramid. dating from the 3rd dynasty (2667—2448 bc), it was the first all-stone complex ever built on earth."

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europe would not recognize the confederacy as an independent nation.