Why is this Black Code? “No African-Americans or freedman shall be permitted to preach. … to congregations of colored people without a special permission from the mayor or president of the board of police”

Black code basically means laws that ensure white supremacy. So since this law is restricting freed men (former black slaves) from being able to preach without permission from a superior (white man), it becomes black code/discrimination.

thurgood marshall

explanation: in 1954, thurgood marshall and a team of naacp attorneys won brown v. board of education of topeka, kansas. in this landmark decision, the supreme court held that segregation in public education violated the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment.