Why was there a wave of immigration from Northern Europe to the United States? How did this movement affect the number size and spatial arrangements of cities?

the american revolution was between the patriots and the british forces. the patriots believed that they needed independence from great britain, due to "lack of representation" and taxes. this tension resulted in the american revolution where both fought, but ultimately the patriots won. the french revolution was an upsurge/revolt between the monarchy (king louis xvi of france) and the bourgeoisie class (common people) demanding better pay and rights. this ultimately became an overthrow of the government, where king louis xvi of france and his spouse marie antoinette were executed for treason. the mexican revolution was caused by a disagreement on the morality of the dictatorship of president porfirio díaz, who remained in office for 31 years. (! d: )   in effect, the old and radical government was changed by the people to meet the economic needs of the people (yes diaz surrendered xd) all 3 revolutions were in response to another political power that controlled the freedom and liberty of the minority population. the british controlled the patriots. king louis xvi controlled the people of france, and dictator diaz controlled the poor civilians of mexico.  

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on april 6, 1917, the u.s. joined its allies--britain, france, and russia--to fight in world war i. under the command of major general john j. pershing, more than 2 million u.s. soldiers fought on battlefields in france.