Why did Luther say he did not accept the authority of the pope and councils?

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).

what are two things that greatly the american economy after the war? the huge buildup of u.s. military the beginning of the korean conflict the creation of the gi bill the marshall plan for nations