Agriculture is to the Old South as Industry is to the

The South was more of an agricultural economy and the North had an industrial economy. ... Many southern whites were small farmers without slaves or there were plantation owners with many slaves.

Explanation:

There was great wealth in the South, but it was primarily tied up in the slave economy. In 1860, the economic value of slaves in the United States exceeded the invested value of all of the nation's railroads, factories, and banks combined. On the eve of the Civil War, cotton prices were at an all-time high.

"a government in which power is divided between state and national levels". federalism is a system of government in which entities such and state and province, share power with the national government.