Read the sentences. queen elizabeth rode in a carriage. the carriage was drawn by two windsor greys. she waved to the crowd. which of these best combines these sentences using a subordinate participial phrase? queen elizabeth, drawn by two windsor greys, rode in a carriage waving to the crowd. waving to the crowd, queen elizabeth rode in a carriage drawn by two windsor greys. riding in a carriage, two windsor greys drew queen elizabeth waving to the crowd. drawn by two windsor greys, the carriage was ridden in by queen elizabeth who was waving to the crowd.

The correct answer is:

Waving to the crowd, Queen Elizabeth rode in a carriage drawn by two Windsor Greys.

A participial phrase is a combination of words consisting of a participle and the modifier or nouns, pronouns and noun phrases that operate as direct objects, indirect objects, or complements of the action or state formulated in the participle. To avoid confusion, a participial phrase must be placed as close as possible to the noun it modifies and the noun should be explicitly stated.

in the united states, the president is controlled by the

constitution, and in all respects subordinate to it. insofar

as it deals with presidential power, however, the american

constitution has proved to be a highly malleable document.

with very few exceptions,' the constitutional provisions relating to the president have not been changed at all since

they were ratified in 1787. but in the late twentieth century, those provisions do not mean what they meant in

1787. the constitution is a legal document, and it is enforced judicially; but its meaning was hardly fixed when it

was ratified. in particular, the contemporary president has

far broader powers than the original constitution contemplated. it is remarkable but true that large-scale changes in

the authority of the president have been brought about

without changes in the constitutional text, but nevertheless

without significant illegality.

this is a paradox. is it not clear that constitutional

changes, if not textual, are illegal? the paradox has considerable relevance to our current thinking about the presidency in particular and about constitutionalism in general.

perhaps the framers of the american constitution feared

legislative power most of all; 2 but from well-known events

in the twentieth century, it is possible to conclude that it is

presidential power that holds out the greatest risks to both

liberty and democracy. the president is by far the most visible leader in the nation; he is often the only person in government with a national constituency. moreover, he is

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