What are constitutionally guaranteed protections against the abuse of government power?

Constitutionally guaranteed protections against the abuse of government power are called civil liberties.

Explanation:

These are protected by parts of the Constitution such as the Bill of Rights and also the precedent established by courts since the writing of the Constitution.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts