This leader is estimated having killed up to 5,000 kurds and injured another 10,000 when his air force deployed gas over the civilians living in the northern portion of his country.

The leader who allegedly did the above things was Saddam Hussein, he had oppressed Iraq for more than 30 years, unleashing devastating regional wars and reducing once promising, oil-rich nation to a claustrophobic police state. He remained president of Iraq despite being toppled by the United States military. His defeat in Kuwait, followed by more than a decade of tense confrontations with the West over his suspected weapons programs, ultimately led to his overthrow. 

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