How do voluntary health organizations such as the american red cross the american cancer society the american heart association and the american lung association contribute to community health?

Voluntary health organizations provide a lot of contribution to community. The American Red Cross is a special case of a voluntary agency given the public health and care giving role it plays during emergency response in coordination with local, state and national officials. It also provides extensive public health education in many localities for example sponsorship of HIV/AID prevention training. Other voluntary organizations with a strong public health presences include the American Lung Association, the American Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, the American Diabetes Association and Mothers Against Drunk Driving. Whereas each of these employ public health personnel, they also use extensive networks of volunteers some of whom are also full time public health workers. 

map scale refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. for example, on a 1: 100000 scale map, 1cm on the map equals 1km on the ground.