How did the crusades affect jewish societies

Long before the Crusades, the Jewish community in Israel was reduced to a minimum, since the 70th Century after the rebellion of the Jews against the Roman Empire at the time, most of the Jews were evicted as a retribution. Thus, most of the Jews are displaced throughout Europe, their mixed up with the Hazars and with other nations, and the so-called Ashkenazi, who lived throughout Europe, in Russia, are being created. Later, during the Crusades, the Jewish community in Jerusalem and in Palestine was forced to surrender to new rulers or be executed. The events after the first campaign in 1096. temporarily halted the social and intellectual activity of Ashkenazi in Europe, but also some cities of the German Jewish Ashkenazi community suffered a massacre.

the answer to your question is a. the salt plains

in 1811, he led an expedition, known as the george c. sibley expedition, to improve relations with the pawnee and kansa tribes, and also to locate the rumored jefferson's salt mountain

it was displayed because they had a love for war