What was most likely the earliest weapon (excluding rocks or hand axes)?

Which is not a characteristic of a multiparty system?

The holocaust of world war ii resulted in a) the nazis effectively used propaganda to gain and hold power in germany. b) ethnic regimes carried out mass devastation. c) deporting all european jews to the island of madagascar. d) the systematic mass slaughter of european jews and and others in nazi concentration camps during world war ii.

What form of government is powers of states? first letter of the answer is r.