Board of Education of Topeka, a case in which the United States Supreme Court governed unanimously (9–0).
On May 17, 1954 that segregated schools violated the Constitution's 14th Amendment, which restricts states from denying equality under the law to any person within their counties.
Supreme court’s argument in brown v. board of education:
As a breach of the equal protection clause, racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a historic United States Supreme Court case in which the Court determined state statutes segregating black and white children in public schools to be unconstitutional. Insofar as it related to public education, the ruling invalidated the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, which authorised state-sponsored segregation. The Warren Court's unanimous decision, issued on May 17, 1954, said that "separate educational institutions are intrinsically unequal. As a result, under the Equal Protection Clause of the Constitution Amendment, de jure institutional racism was found illegal.This decision paved the door for integration and served as a paradigm for many future impact lawsuit cases. The Court's second decision, Brown II, 349 U.S. 294, only directed states to end segregation "with all deliberate speed," and the personal views fourteen pages did not outline any method for ending racial segregation in schools.
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