During reconstruction, congress feared that pardoning former confederates would result in the suppression of black rights. what happened to reinforce those fears?
a. former confederate leaders came to power.
b. the freedmen's bureau was established.
c. black codes sprouted up in southern states.
d. the military prevented blacks from voting.

It is The Black Codes sprouted up in Southern states

this means that germany had to pay the allied countries. reparations are/is essentially payment for something that they have done wrong, so after ww1, germany was forced to pay reparations so they could replenish the allied countries resources' that they had lost during the war.

b

being given a fair trial before a jury