In the years closely following world war ii, many african americans

In the years closely following world war ii, many african americans african americans fought for their civil rights.

Over a million African Americans served in the armed forces of the United States during World War II. For most American men and women who served, the war was a major turning point in their lives.

Throughout the war, black soldiers used to face too much hostility from their white comrades-in-arms as well as from enemy combatants. At army training camps in the South, they found themselves in segregated units, being granted fewer privileges than prisoners of war. In the field, black soldiers generally were relegated to menial jobs.

the answer is a) james madison.

yes

explanation:

the fighting words doctrine, in united states constitutional law, is a limitation to freedom of speech as protected by the first amendment to the united states constitution. in 1942, the u.s. supreme court established the doctrine by a 9–0 decision in chaplinsky v. new hampshire.