Which writer of the federalist papers later became a democratic-republican?
a. alexander hamilton
b. james madison
c. john jay
d. all of them

pepin the short[a] (german: pippin der kurze, french: pépin le bref, c. 714 – 24 september 768) was the king of the franks from 751 until his death. he was the first of the carolingians to become king.[b][2]

the younger son of the frankish prince charles martel and his wife rotrude, pepin's upbringing was distinguished by the ecclesiastical education he had received from the monks of st. denis. succeeding his father as the mayor of the palace in 741, pepin reigned over francia jointly with his elder brother carloman. pepin ruled in neustria, burgundy, and provence, while his brother carloman established himself in austrasia, alemannia and thuringia. the brothers were active in suppressing revolts led by the bavarians, aquitanians, saxons, and the alemanni in the early years of their reign. in 743, they ended the frankish interregnum by choosing childeric iii, who was to be the last merovingian monarch, as figurehead king of the franks.

mustafa ataturk thought nationalism in turkey would best be achieved by modernizing the country.

protected civil liberties and outlawed slavery in the new territories.

the viking voyages took place during the middle ages, which was about this time. 500 to 1350. the viking voyages took place during the middle ages, which was about this time.