Identify the event that sparked nelson mandela had of making a difference to his people

Nelson Mandela made many changes to South African society, most notably by transitioning the country away from the racist policy of apartheid. Apartheid was a government policy that kept white Afrikaners in South Africa at the top of politics and business while limiting the rights of black citizens. As the first post-apartheid president, Nelson Mandela created a diverse society in which every citizen is equal before the law.

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the picture is not clear

explanation:

small european communities with shared traditions consolidated into large new states (apex)