In the problem-solving process, the step that identify what needs to be solved is
weighing disadvantages.
implementing the solution.
weighing advantages.
gathering information.

The answer is "gathering information".

Problem solving is the demonstration of characterizing a problem; deciding the reason for the problem; recognizing, organizing and choosing choices for an answer; and executing an answer.  

Problem solving is tied in with gathering important data. This is a vital step and regularly ignored. Focus on gathering all the data that identifies with the issue. You need to assemble enough data with the end goal to unmistakably distinguish the issue. When it is now characterized you can break down it and attempt to find some possible solutions.

The correct answer is D. Gathering information

Explanation:

The problem-solving process is a set of organized steps that allow people to find realistic effective solutions to a problem or problematic situation in their lives. The problem-solving process is divided into different steps that include understanding the problem or gathering information; understanding the position and interest of the people involved in the problem; brainstorm possible solutions; evaluating advantages and disadvantages of each possible solution; select a solution or solutions to be implemented and implementing them. In the first stage or gathering, information people is required to understand the problem by identifying the problematic situation and the elements or issues that compose the problem from an objective perspective including the causes, the people involved in it and the state of the problem to know what really needs to be solved. Thus, the step in the problem-solving process that helps identify what needs to be solved is gathering information.

its main object was the establishment of "settlement houses" in poor urban areas, in which volunteer middle-class "settlement workers" would live, hoping to share knowledge and culture with, and alleviate the poverty of, their low-income neighbors.