The Crusades had little lasting impact on Southwest Asia, except to a. establish Christianity in the Arab nations.
b. divide the Muslims into the Shiites and the Sunnis.
create a spirit of brotherhood between the Byzantines and the Muslims.
d. breed centuries of mistrust between Muslims and Christians.
C.

d is the answer

two months after his defeat of napoleon bonaparte's colonial forces, jean-jacques dessalines proclaims the independence of saint-domingue, renaming it haiti after its original arawak name. in 1791, a slave revolt erupted on the french colony, and toussaint-louverture, a former slave, took control of the rebels.