I WILL GIVE 100 POINTS TO THOSE WHO ANSWER THIS QUESTION RIGHT PROMISE This question has TWO PARTS.
Based upon one of our primary texts, and our class discussion, the
United States of America is considered as a constitution based federal
system. The Federal government and the States are separate powers,
however they do have concurrent powers.
What are the concurrent powers?
At times, the Doctrine of Preemption is used in order to solve
conflicting laws between the Federal and State powers. What is the
Doctrine of Preemption?

this scroll was the first major biblical manuscript of great antiquity ever to be recovered. the qumran isaiah scroll predated the oldest hebrew text preserved in the masoretic hebrew bible by a millennium.

the covenant that god made with abraham was a unilateral (one-sided) promise from god to abraham.   apart from anything abraham did, god was promising that he was going to bring about a great nation from abraham's offspring, and that the messiah (meaning "the anointed one") would come from abraham's descendants, as one through whom the whole world would receive favor from god.   as god promised abraham, "through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed" (genesis 22: 18).

the "new covenant" was announced by jesus of nazareth, who had asserted that he was the "son of david" (and descendant of abraham) that fulfilled those promises to abraham.   when jesus introduced the sacred meal that we now refer to as the lord's supper, as told his disciples in reference to the wine they drank, "this cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you" (luke 22: 20).   this "new covenant" through jesus was also a unilateral (one-sided) covenant.   he gave himself in sacrifice for all people, without conditions attached.   as his friend and apostle john later wrote, "he is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world" (1 john 2: 2).

so the covenant with abraham and the "new covenant" ushered in by jesus are, in essence, connected as one covenant -- because jesus was saying he was the one promised to abraham that fulfilled that covenant and brought blessing to the world.