Who did Ferdinand and Isabella replace as the rulers of most of Spain? a
Muslim forces from north Africa
b
French forces led by Charles Martel
c
Russian forces under the leadership of Ivan the Great
d
The Holy Roman Empire led by Charlemagne

D

Explanation:

I hope this helped alot

the answer is a. 250 percent.

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".