How did the muslim caliphates affect early north african civilizations?
a. they pohibited the slave trade in north africa and arabia.
b. they set up an effective trade network linked to india and china. c. they strictly controlled access to african gold mining regions. d. they organized a decentralized system of government.

the hyksos invasion. the hyksos were able to attack egypt successfully because of their skills in using bronze weapons, composite bows and the use of the horse and chariot during the invasion. although the egyptians depict a barbarian-type overthrow, the truth is the seizure was likely a relatively peaceful one.

because of the war the westeners befriended japan and each other advance.