What were the major ancient empires of Sub-Saharan Africa?

Explanation:

1 The greatest Saharan empire cities were Timbuktu and Djenné, both of which lie on the Niger. While these empires were the most prominent Islamic states in Sub-Saharan Africa, smaller Islamic kingdoms formed to the east, such that nearly the entire northern half of the continent fell under Islamic rule.

for this case we have the following equation:

we apply distributive property to the terms within parentheses.

subtracting 2 on both sides of the equation:

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