The Japanese policy of near-isolation ended in 1854 because Japan: fought a war with China.
needed European markets for its manufactured goods.
was pressured by the United States to open its ports
All of the choices are correct.

The three steps before modern english were indo-european, germanic, and old english. as peoples moved around the eurasian continent, their languages changed. throughout the ages, the languages became more specialized. as english has many germanic influences, it is easy to see how this was one of the forebears. also, old english was one of the main ancestors of the modern language, spoken in the 5th through about the 13th centuries.

Ithink it is 4. making colonies.