By the end of the 19th century, jingoism in the United States was encouraged by all of the following except:. (a) European imperialism
(b) International Darwinism
(c) Yellow journalism
(d) Naval views of Alfred Thayer Mahan
(e) New immigrants

New Immigrants

Explanation:

By the end of the 19th century, jingoism in the United States was encouraged by all of the following except "NEW IMMIGRANTS"

This is evident in the fact that Jingoism is a term that describes a drastic form of loyalty, nationalism, or allegiance, especially in the form of assertive or warlike foreign policy.

Hence, from the available options, the "New Immigrants" that are the foreigners settling into the United States did not encourage Jingoism.

atman means 'eternal self'. the atman refers to the real self beyond ego or false self. it is often referred to as 'spirit' or 'soul' and indicates our true self or essence which underlies our existence.

there are many interesting perspectives on the self in hinduism ranging from the self as eternal servant of god to the self as being identified with god. the understanding of the self as eternal supports the idea of reincarnation in that the same eternal being can inhabit temporary bodies.

the idea of atman entails the idea of the self as a spiritual rather than material being and thus there is a strong dimension of hinduism which emphasises detachment from the material world and promotes practices such as asceticism. thus it could be said that in this world, a spiritual being, the atman, has a human experience rather than a human being having a spiritual experience.

explanation:

b. the passage of the equal rights amendment  

explanation:

this mean that anything that someone else could do they could do