In reflecting on the founding of the country, Lincoln describes ”...a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure…” What is Lincoln implying are the reasons for fighting the Civil War? [Hint: Think about equality and freedom.]

Was the civil war inevitable? could anything have been done through compromise to stop it, or did it have to happen?

Read a report of the paris medical faculty from 1348 about the plague. we can say that the main cause of this pestilence was and is the configuration of the heavens. in 1345, at 1: 00 in the afternoon of march 20th, there was a major conjunction of three planets in the constellation of aquarius. this conjunction, along with others like it and the eclipse caused a deadly corruption of the air around us. what is the most likely reason this document would be important to a historian’s study of the black death? a) it shows the importance of astronomy in medicine today. b) it shows how medicine once differed in paris and london. c) it shows how the plague’s cause was interpreted in the past. d) it shows the desperation to find a cause of the black death.

In the period from 1860 to 1890, which experience was shared by most native americans living in western states?