Which statement best explains the trend toward lower birthrates in the late 1800s? A) The Homestead Act significantly increased the number of families practicing subsistence farming in the West. Scarce agricultural yields and resources necessitated smaller households to support.
B) The Comstock Act limited young people’s access to information about sex and contraception. Limited birth control options prompted successful social movements for premarital abstinence.
C) The new economy led to a growing middle class. Middle-class people tended to marry later in life and concentrated financial resources on educating fewer children in preparation for professional futures.
D) Women’s activist groups discouraged women’s traditional roles in America. Women increasingly rejected marriage and child-rearing in favor of professional and political careers.

C

Explanation:

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the expansion of the rule of empires over other territories took place as a result of several reasons including economic, ethnocentric, political, and religious, and exploratory purposes.

in terms of economic purposes: imperial governments aimed to maximize profits and with that purpose they neeeded cheap labor, access to or control of markets to sell or buy products. they also desired to find natural resources (precious metals and land). in the awake of   industrial revolution, dependent colonies provided the necessary raw materials that european factories and market needed to manufacture products.  

ethnocentric: many territories were conquered by imperial territories in an attempt to spread their cultures, values and belief as they considered them to be superior. in the late 19th century, for example, european powers held   the racist belief that inferior races should be conquered in order to “civilize” them.

political: another reason that drove conquer and expansion was patriotism and growing imperial power. it refers to national prestige, pride, and security. empires sought strategic territory to ensure access for their navies and armies around the world.

religious: the aim of converting new member of other religions was another factor that prompted expansion.   christian missionaries from europe established churches in conquered territories during the nineteenth century. thus, they spread western cultural values. furthermore, the imperial nation’s language was spread as well, through educational and religious interactions.

exploratory: imperial nations or their citizens aimed to explore territory that was unknown to them,   for different purposes including medical or scientific research, however, at the very   beginning, they did it to embark on adventure. furthermore, imperial explorers sought to discover, map, and claim territory before their imperial competition did, for national and personal glory as well as to realize the imperialist goal of expansion.

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