WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST! STARS FOR THE RIGHT ANSWER.

Challenges to the sovereign power of the state include all of the following EXCEPT
a. globalization of economies and the proliferation of transnational organizations whose economic decisions are not limited to the importance of one state.
b. the rise of international organizations whose agreements limit the power of the state.
c. the emergence and growth of non-governmental organizations that unite members around a common cause rather than a state.
d. massive international migration flows and separatist movements that undermine the cultural unity of the state.
e. the rise of right-wing nationalist political movements that aim to curb immigration and limit the power of international and transnational organizations.