Issues such as the ones illustrated above led to legislation that changed how federal employees were hired and required government jobs be- based on party affiliation of the applicant.

determined by a merit system based on civil service examinations.

based on the approval of the lawmakers.

set aside for business executives of large corporations.

i confess that there are several parts of this constitution which i do not at present approve, but i am not sure i shall never approve them: for having lived long, i have experienced many instances of being obliged by better information or fuller consideration, to change opinions even on important subjects, which i once thought right, but found to be otherwise. it is therefore that the older i grow, the more apt i am to doubt my own judgment, and to pay more respect to the judgment of others.

so what is your question?

i believe the correct answer is b.