DBQ: Portuguese Transformation of the Indian Ocean in the Early Modern Era

Their skills in long-distance navigation and their network of trading posts helps them to controls over the Indian ocean.

Explanation:

Portuguese Transformation of the Indian Ocean in the Early Modern Era by transforming trade in the Indian Ocean in the sixteenth century by taxing ships that traded in the region. With this taxation, Portuguese earn a lot of profit which improves their economic condition. Portuguese controlled trading routes that link the Persian Gulf, the African coast and the Western coast of India in order to collection of taxes from the ships moved from these routes.

d. islands off the coast of newfoundland