How did Islamic Caliphates gain, consolidate, and maintain power?

After over one hundred years of rapid growth, the Islamic caliphates ruled by the Umayyad Dynasty (661-750) and the Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258) consolidated and maintained Muslim power by organizing their governments and creating long-lasting political institutions.

Explanation:

the soviet union wanted to impose communist governments in eastern europe.

d)to gain support for the independence movement.

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