Federalist Paper 39: The Conformity of the Plan to Republican Principles “We may define a republic to be … a government which derives all its powers directly or indirectly from the great body of the people, and is administered by persons holding their offices during pleasure, for a limited period, or during good behavior.
It is sufficient for such a government that the persons administering it be appointed, either directly or indirectly, by the people.”

To which idea is Madison referring?
How do you know?

why am i soo dumb srry bud hope you could understan thet im dumb=/ wish i could help

Explanation:

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts