We have now the honor to submit to the consideration of the United States in Congress assembled, that Constitution which has appeared to us the most advisable. The friends of our country have long seen and desired that the power of making war, peace, and treaties, that of levying money, and regulating commerce, and the correspondent executive and judicial authorities, should be fully and effectually vested in the General Government of the Union; but the impropriety of delegating such extensive trust to one body of men is evident: hence results the necessity of a different organization.

—September 17, 1787
To what are the representatives at the convention referencing when they state, “the impropriety of delegating such extensive trust to one body of men is evident”?

The powers of the states and the federal government should be kept separate.

They understand from experience what it is like to live under a king’s rule.

It is not wise to have only one house of Congress.

The Constitution must fully vest power in the federal government.