what is the term for "the second of the four major islamic caliphates established after death of muhammed"

In the early 1800s, north africa was different from southern africa in that

Why was the u. s. annexation of hawaii delayed until william mckinley became president? a: the rebels who overthrew queen liliuokalani opposed u. s. annexation. b: the senate did not approve the treaty of annexation until mckinley entered the white house. c: supporters of the nationalist cause were in the majority in hawaii until 1898. d: mckinley’s predecessor, grover cleveland, refused to sign the treaty of annexation.

The u. s. government has three branches: executive, judicial, and legislative. each branch plays a different role in making sure laws are passed, enforced, and applied fairly in accordance with the united states constitution. which idea does this scenario best represent?