Fill in the blanks some one help me

When did paul zoll develop cardiac pacemaker

Match each radical republican goal with the action taken to achieve it. a passage of laws that required the leader of the us army to approve orders to the military commanders of the southern districts b division of southern states into five military districts c requirement that states guarantee citizenship to anyone born in the united states 1 goals actions to punish former confederate states 2 to limit the role of the president in reconstruction 3to ensure equal treatment for blacks and whites

Which of the following is the main reason early new england had villages rather than cities? 1. the area did not have ports for trade. 2. not many people lived in new england at the time. 3. new england did not have the natural resources to support cities. 4. the settlers set up new england with villages for religious reasons.