Why were the settlements started along the rio grande

Read article 231 of the treaty of versailles. the allied governments affirm, and germany accepts, the responsibility of germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the allied governments and their peoples have been subjected as a consequence of the war. what was the consequence of germany having to accept this article? a.) germany would have to pay war reparations. b.) germany would have to accept new colonies. c.) germany would have to give part of its territory to poland. d.) germany would have to join the league of nations.

Apex plz i’m almost done if i get this all right

How does iraqs geographical location ( desert-like environment ) affect it's politcal relationships? i've been stuck on this and i'm giving a lot of points