1. What was the main response of the middle class to the challenges of city living? A. escape to the suburbs

B. move to high-rise apartments

C. rent out tenement buildings

D. attend vaudeville shows

2. Which of the following was the most compelling reason for people to leave rural farms for dangerous, difficult work in industrial cities?

A. higher populations

B. increased job opportunities

C. better living conditions

D. more equal social status

3. What subjects did artists of the Ashcan school depict?

A. active waterways with steamboats and ferries

B. busy street life and working-class leisure activities

C. middle-class women working in homes and factories

D. contemporary waste removal and recycling systems

4. Why were nativists hostile to immigrants?

A. They resented that labor unions were helping immigrants.

B. They were concerned that immigrants were too Americanized.

C. They believed that immigrants were loyal to their home countries.

D. They feared factories would close if immigrant populations declined.

5. What was the purpose of a poll tax?

A. to prevent African Americans from voting in elections

B. to keep Republican governments out of southern states

C. to ensure that disenfranchised voters can vote in elections

D. to prevent sharecroppers from leaving their farms with unpaid debts

6. How did African Americans in the post-Civil War era respond to the hostile environment of the South?

A. They confiscated land on abandoned plantations.

B. They disenfranchised voters who did not have residency.

C. They supported legislation to bring industry to the South.

D. They migrated to the northeast and Midwest to work in factories.

7. Which of the following would most influence hiring in a merit-based civil service system? Select the two correct answers.

A. family relationships

B. personal friendships

C. prior job experience

D. political support

E. relevant skills

8. In this political cartoon, showing Boss Tweed and his associates as vultures perched on a corpse representing New York, what do the bones and skulls most likely represent?

A. Boss Tweed's defeated rivals within the Democratic Party

B. Boss Tweed's defeated political opponents in the Republican Party

C. institutions and groups hurt by Boss Tweed's corrupt dealmaking

D. corrupt institutions and groups that Boss Tweed aided

9. What was an unexpected consequence of mechanized farming practices?

A. As mechanization increased crop yields, farmers reduced how much they planted, leading to crop shortages.

B. As mechanization increased crop yields, overproduction caused crop values to decline.

C. Mechanization cost far more than animal labor, but it only slightly increased crop yields.

D. Mechanization caused farmers to plant more than they could harvest, leading to crop shortages.

10. Which challenge faced by farmers in the late 1800s were state Granger Laws intended to address?

A. high farm debt

B. high tariff rates

C. high railroad fees

D. high crop prices

11. Which of the following was the first major farmers' movement to emerge after the Civil War?

A. the Farmers' Alliance

B. the Grange

C. the Populist Party

D. the Whig Party

12. Which statement best describes the Farmers' Alliance?

A. It was a regional organization that lacked broad national appeal.

B. It was a diverse organization that included African Americans and women.

C. It was an organization that focused solely on the issue of railroad regulation.

D. It was an organization that focused mostly on immigration policies.

13. Which populist policies were eventually successful and which were not? Drag each answer to the correct box.

14. In a paragraph, describe three challenges faced by immigrants who came to the United States in the late 1800s.

15. In a paragraph, describe why the election of 1896 could be considered a turning point in American politics. Be sure to consider the successes and failures of populism. Also consider what happened to the Populist Party, as well as the Democrats and the Republicans, in the years after the election