The Fourth Amendment states that a reasonable search and seizure must include a warrant and be based on an indictment.

include a warrant and be based on probable cause.

be based on probable cause and include due process.

be based on probable cause and include a Miranda warning.

include a warrant and be based on probable cause.

Explanation:

The fourth Amendment was created to prevent the abuse of power from the police department. Before the fourth amendment was created, the police had the right to conduct a search to citizens' home at any given time and place. This leaves a lot of opportunities for them to plant evidence and disrupt the right of privacy.

After the amendment, Police can no longer do that. In order to search a private property, they need to gain a warrant (which is basically a permit given by the court) or maybe the have a strong basis to believe that a citizen is in danger. (For example, if police heard a gun shot from a private property, that police can conduct a search without a warrant)

i believe it is capitalists.  

these civilizations were located around fertile rivers, where they could produce an abundance of crops