Much of the First Amendment to the Constitution like Freedom of Speech and Religion was first thought of by who? Thomas Hobbs
×××James Madison×××
John Locke
Voltaire

it's not James Madison

Voltaire

Explanation:

Voltaire was a great defender of individual citizens' freedom. He believed that it was wrong for the state to impose its objectives above the will and choice of citizens, in addition to believing that every citizen had the right to disagree and to complain about controversial actions by the government.

He also advocated tolerance among individuals towards each other's individual freedoms.

These ideas made Voltaire the first to defend religious freedom and freedom of expression, provided as a political and individual freedom. This influenced the creation of the first constitutional amendment.

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

formulating the initial idea for the policy

answer is c.