What effect did the Muslim conquest have on Spain? Muslim armies left Spanish land and crops in ruins. Muslim culture influenced Spanish languages and architecture. Spanish Christians fled to France and Portugal. Spaniards who refused to convert to Islam were killed.

Muslim armies left Spanish land in crops and ruins.

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was a long, primarily nonviolent series of events to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all americans. the era has had a lasting impact on united states society, in its tactics, the increased social and legal acceptance of civil rights, and in its exposure of the prevalence and cost of racism. in the south violence and fraud in southern elections from 1868 to 1876, which had reduced black voter turnout and enabled southern white democrats to regain power in state legislatures across the south