Which group of people made up the majority of immigrants to america before 1870?

European Protestants.

America: The Land of Dreams, was the destination of around twelve million immigrants wishing to escape poverty and poor standards of living. The economic prosperity of the United States offered a golden opportunity to a better lifestyle and more economic opportunities. Initially, European Protestants comprising of Germans, British and the Irish entered the United States and settled primarily around the Midwest. Post-1845 saw the arrival of Catholics escaping the ravages of the Great Famine of Europe.

Further Explanation:

Following industrialization and the development of steam engines, transportation facilities to the United States became easily accessible to immigrants. Southern Europe and its ports were well connected by railroad, which gave immigrants easy access to ports. Transoceanic journeys were faster. The introduction of technology and modern farming techniques contributed to the growth of surplus in Europe, and the increase of the working population. However, the lack of sufficient economic opportunities to accommodate the rising working-class population led them to immigrate to the United States. The economy of United States received a huge boost due to ready availability of surplus labor, which contributed to making the United States an economic giant. The immigrants usually settled around urban areas, causing a rise in urban population, and also receiving certain amount of antagonism from the local population. The inclusion of immigrant labor to the American economy contributed to the expansion of its industries such as mining, steel, coal, textiles, garment production and heavy industries. The urban elite and native-born Americans displayed a sentiment of antipathy towards foreigners, who supplied cheap labor, and there was a sudden competition and scramble for economic opportunities. In 1893, the wealthy American elites deputized Congress to restrict immigration to preserve the ethnicity and social integrity of native Americans.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School, Graduation.

Chapter: The United States in the 1900s

Subject: History.

Keywords:

Immigration, free labor, economic independence, industrialization, heavy industries, urban centers, restriction to immigration, ethnicity, social integrity.

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