You have already found the meaning of the phrase "PANEM ET CIRCENSES" on the Internet. In a sentence or two explain how this "approach" functioned in Roman Empire. Answer briefly - do you think it was a necessary and smart way to keep control of such a huge empire that did not only have outside enemies, but also more than 50 million people to rule and its citizens to keep satisfied? Explain your answer. Then answer more thoroughly this question: Do you think that we can still find "panem et circences" ideology used somewhere in the present day world? If not, explain why. If yes, specify where we can see it and explain how it works. Provide solid arguments and examples.

Answered below.

Explanation:

Panem et circences translated as, bread and entertainment, is a phrase that refers to superficial, ready, satisfaction and appeasement. That is, to gain public approval by providing the most immediate needs of the population, for example food and entertainment.

In 140BC, Roman politicians kept the votes of poorer citizens by giving out cheap entertainment and food and this method became a very reliable and effective way to get power.

Panem et circences was not a smart way to keep control of such a huge empire as the people would not hold politicians to do their work after having been enticed by food.

We can still find this in the poorer developing countries today. The leaders of these countries donate food to, and host parties for poorer people during elections to get their votes and get into power, while ignoring their duties to provide public service.

the option which was not a function of missionaries in the northwest was the first one - they established posts for trading furs and other goods.

missionaries were sent around the world to spread religion and their knowledge and others - they were not merchants who sold furs and other goods.