What two leadership roles did the pope play in medieval Europe?

The Pope's role in the Medieval society is to represent the

spiritual authority of the Church and, later, the state authority,

which was normally represented by a King or Emperor, but was  

changed with the argument titled the 'Doctrine of Swords', which

claimed that the Pope had authority over both the church and

the state.

the following best describes postwar era writers in their works:

many writers,authors,novelists,poets concentrated more on social art and social writing and stayed away from political writings.