Who began to work the cotton fields with men away at war?

the answer is

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

b toward the volcano.landward. the landward side of something is the side nearest to the land or facing the land, rather than the sea.