Refer to the passage.

Which of the following technological advancements made the events described in the passage possible for the Ottomans?

Armor
Cannon
Compass
Harness

GPS gives the exact location while compass only shows the direction

Explanation:

A compass works on the basis of geographic magnet and hence it can only show the direction in which movement is to be done. while GPS is a 4-dimension oriented positioning system which enable one to know the exact location along with time. Also GPS can provide real time location data unlike compass which can show direction only when it is used.  

Compass

Explanation: in the passage is was just talking about the siege and what day was it and some things about the moon, which tells us that its compass.

not too sure on this one thinking tyo organize the division of africa

the pogroms became known as kristallnacht, the "night of shattered glass," for the shattered glass from the store windows that littered the streets. the morning after the pogroms 30,000 german jewish men were arrested for the "crime" of being jewish and sent to concentration camps, where hundreds of them perished.