When did radical Islamic fundamentalism really begin?

a. in the early 21st century with the attack on the World Trade Center
b. in the mid-20th century with three influential Muslim thinkers
c. in the early 20th century with the Balfour Declaration
d. in the late 20th century when Russia pulled out of Afghanistan

whose power in the senate is equal to the power of the speaker of the house?

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to generate donations

to organize supporters

to solicit support

the answer as multiple choice is c

africa, the second-largest continent, is bounded by the mediterranean sea, the red sea, the indian ocean, and the atlantic ocean. it is divided in half almost equally by the equator. the continent includes the islands of cape verde, madagascar, mauritius, seychelles, and comoros.

africa’s physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.

the origin of the name “africa” is greatly disputed by scholars. most believe it stems from words used by the phoenicians, greeks, and romans. important words include the egyptian word afru-ika, meaning “motherland”; the greek word aphrike, meaning “without cold”; and the latin word aprica, meaning “sunny.”

today, africa is home to more countries than any other continent in the world. these countries are: morocco, western sahara (morocco), algeria, tunisia, libya, egypt, sudan, chad, niger, mali, mauritania, senegal, the gambia, guinea-bissau, guinea, sierra leone, liberia, côte d’ivoire, ghana, burkina faso, togo, benin, nigeria, cameroon, central africa republic, equatorial guinea, gabon, congo, democratic republic of the congo, angola, namibia, botswana, south africa, lesotho, swaziland, mozambique, zimbabwe, zambia, malawi, tanzania, rwanda, burundi, uganda, kenya, somalia, ethiopia, djibouti, eritrea and the island countries of cape verde, madagascar, mauritius, seychelles, and comoros.

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1) checks and balances- this idea is implemented in the constitution to ensure that no one branch of the federal government gains too much power. for example, the legislative branch(congress) can approve a bill that will then be sent to the executive branch (president). if the president does not like the bill or thinks that it violates the rights of citizens, he/she can veto the bill. vetoing the bill stops the bill from becoming a law. this check on power ensures that congress makes laws that do not violate the rights of citizens.

2) anti-federalists do not want to ratify the constitution unless it includes a bill of rights. the anti-federalists are worried that the constitution gives too much power to the federal government. having a strong central government caused problems when the us was still part of great britain. this is why the anti-federalists are fearful of this type of system.

3) federalists want a new constitution passed because it will fix america's weak political structure. before the us constitution is implemented, the constitution being used is known as the articles of confederation. this constitution has an extremely weak central government, allowing for disunity among the states.

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