Case #1: Students at a public school start each day by reciting the Pledge of
Allegiance. One student refuses to recite the pledge because her religious
beliefs do not allow it. Because of her refusal, she is expelled for not following
school rules. Do students have the right to refuse to recite the Pledge of
Allegiance? *

yes.

Explanation:

The first amendment allows for freedom of religion. Maybe the students don’t believe in “under god” and if they do the constitution also calls for the separation of church and state.

the crusades are one of the most significant events in the history of europe and the middle east.   they were a series of religious wars carried out by christian crusaders from europe during the timeframe of the middle ages.   beginning in 1095 ce, the crusades saw european knights and noblemen travel to the middle east in an attempt to capture the holy land away from muslim people that had controlled the region for the previous centuries.   the term crusade means ‘cross’.   therefore, the europeans that became crusaders viewed themselves as ‘taking up the cross’.   in fact, many of the crusaders wore crosses on their clothing and armor as they made their pilgrimage to the holy land.

explanation: