1. the causes and effects of 19th-century latin american and caribbean independence movements led by people including bolivar, de san martin, and l' ouverture
2.the agricultural and technological innovations that led to industrialization in great britain and its subsequent spread to continental europe, the united states, and japan
3. the social and economic effects of the industrial revolution
4. the philosophies of capitalism, socialism, and communism as described by adam smith, robert owen, and karl marx
5. the causes and effects of imperialism
6. major events in china during the 19th and early 20th centuries related to imperialism
7. the unification of italy and germany
8.the 19th and early 20th century social and political reforms and reform movements and their effects in africa, asia, europe, the united states, the caribbean, and latin america
9. post-war independence movements in african, asian, and caribbean countries
10. the successes and failures of democratic reform movements in africa, asia, the caribbean, and latin america