Which depression era program in Texas give jobs to 19,000 African-American students.
need brainlest
Explanation:
do well. Crop prices fell by about 40 percent at the beginning of the
1920s and remained low throughout the decade. Some banks went out
of business because farmers could not pay their debts. Coal miners and
workers in the railroad and textile industries also suffered. Although
production was at an all-time high, these workers’ wages rose slowly.
Many people who made money during the 1920s invested heavily
in stock. Normally, corporations sell stock, or shares in their company,
to raise money to buy equipment and grow. If the company does well,
then the stockholders get money back from their investments. In the
1920s, however, some people began to speculate on the stock market,
where stocks are bought and sold. That is, they risked their money
hoping that prices would rise rapidly and they could sell their stock for
a quick profit. Others used credit to buy stocks they could not afford,
hoping to use quick profits to pay for the stocks. For a while, urning to charities, which soon ran out of money as well. In Texas the
state treasury had little, so Governor Ross Sterling could not offer much
assistance. With no state funds available, some city governments and
civic organizations pitched in to help. In Temple, for example, the Retail
Merchants Association began issuing scrip—pieces of paper printed with
25¢, 50¢, or $1—that residents could exchange for goods. In Dallas and
Fort Worth, the chambers of commerce sponsored gardening projects to
help people grow vegetables to feed families. Some cities also organized
charity plays and musicals to raise money to help the needy.
Some city governments paid Texans to work on streets and sewers,
build parks and buildings, and take part in city cleanup efforts. A few
cities allowed people who were homeless to live in public buildHowever, these opportunities were limited. Most Texas cities had to cut
or reduce public services because of a lack of funds.Women and Minorities Face Hard Times
Women, African Americans, and Hispanics were hit especially hard by
the Depression. Companies often fired married women and minority workers to open up more jobs for Anglo males. Many school districts dismissed
female teachers if their husbands had jobs. Most people at that
time believed men had to work to support their families, but
women did not.
It was also difficult for people from minority groups to find
and keep jobs. Some cities also didn’t give them financial help.
Again, Anglo males were treated as more important. Many
African American males joined the ranks of the homeless,
moving from place to place in search of work. Many African
American women became heads of households, raising their
children alone. In response, a number of African American leaders joined
the Democratic Party. The National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People (NAACP) also worked to end racialagainst African Americans during the Great Depression.
Hispanics were also hit hard by the Depression. Denied relief by
most emergency agencies, many Hispanics left the state. Those who
remained often found work only in the fields. The League of United
Latin American Citizens (LULAC), founded in 1929, focused on the
needs of Hispanics in Texas and worked to overcome both segregation
and discrimination.
Terms & Names
Identify:
• stock
• stockholder
• speculate
• crash
• Black Tuesday
• unemployment
rate
• Great Depression
• Herbert Hoover
• Dust Bowl
Organizing Information
Use a cluster diagram like
the one shown to record
details about life in Texas
during the Great Depression.
Critical Thinking
1. When and how did the
Great Depression begin?
What effects did it have
on the nation?
2. How was Texas drawn into
the Great Depression?
3. What environmental
factors and human practices made the Great
Depression worse in Texas
and the other southern
plains states?
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